What type of bacteria is classified as psychrophilic?

Psychrophilic bacteria are those that thrive in cold environments, typically growing best at temperatures ranging from 0°C to 20°C (32°F to 68°F). This adaptation allows them to inhabit extreme environments such as glaciers, polar regions, and deep ocean waters. Understanding the characteristics of psychrophilic bacteria is critical in food safety and preservation, as these microorganisms can still grow at temperatures that are not conducive to the growth of many other types of bacteria, potentially leading to food spoilage or contamination.

The other options refer to different types of bacteria based on their preferred environmental conditions. Bacteria that thrive in high heat would fall under thermophilic classifications, while those that require room temperature would be mesophilic. Bacteria that survive without food generally refer to those that can enter a dormant stage, which is not specific to temperature preferences. Thus, the correct classification of psychrophilic bacteria highlights their unique ability to grow optimally in low-temperature environments.